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13450931319來源：Andr_Robot 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-30 17:41:15 閱讀量：1425
最近學(xué)習(xí)Android，做了一些小的東西，一直沒有時(shí)間做個(gè)總結(jié)。經(jīng)?？偨Y(jié)對于學(xué)習(xí)新東西是很好的，說以今天整理一下自己做的東西，希望這樣也有助于其他人學(xué)習(xí)。
我做的是一個(gè)基于Android平臺(tái)，使用SQLite構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)庫，并且創(chuàng)建表來存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)，還會(huì)涉及到數(shù)據(jù)的增刪查改。整體的效果圖如下：
上面就是Demo在調(diào)試時(shí)的幾幅圖，下面將會(huì)一一介紹這個(gè)Demo中用到的一些核心技術(shù)。
首先就是用到了SQLiteOpenHelper這個(gè)類，通過創(chuàng)建一個(gè)自己的幫助類來繼承這個(gè)抽象類，來實(shí)現(xiàn)簡單的對數(shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建和升級。SQLiteOpenHelper中有兩個(gè)抽象方法，分別是onCreate()和onUpgrade()，我們必須在自己的幫助類里面重寫這兩個(gè)方法，然后分別在這兩個(gè)方法中去實(shí)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)建、升級數(shù)據(jù)庫的邏輯。SQLiteOpenHelper中有兩個(gè)非常重要的實(shí)例方法，getReadableDatabase()和getWritableDatabase()。這兩個(gè)方法都可以創(chuàng)建和打開一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫（如果數(shù)據(jù)庫已經(jīng)存在則直接打開，否則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的數(shù)據(jù)庫），并返回一個(gè)可對數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行讀寫操作的對象。不同的是，當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)庫不可寫入的時(shí)候（如磁盤空間已滿）getReadabelDatabase()方法返回的對象將以只讀的方式去打開數(shù)據(jù)庫，而getWritableDatabase()方法則會(huì)出現(xiàn)異常。
MyDatabaseHelper.java
public class MyDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
private static final String CREATE_TABLE = "create table peopleinfo (_id integer primary key autoincrement,name text not null,age integer,height float);";
private Context mContext;
public MyDatabaseHelper(Context context, String name,
CursorFactory factory, int version) {
super(context, name, factory, version);
mContext = context;
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
db.execSQL("drop table if exists peopleinfo");
onCreate(db);
}
}
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“drop table if exists peopleinfo”這句代碼的作用就是當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫中已經(jīng)存在peopleinfo表，就將這兩個(gè)表刪除掉 ，然后調(diào)用onCreate()方法去重新創(chuàng)建。
構(gòu)建People用來存儲(chǔ)輸入的People信息，方便向數(shù)據(jù)庫中存儲(chǔ)。
People.java
public class People {
public int ID;
public String Name;
public int Age;
public float Height;
public int getID() {
return ID;
}
public void setID(int iD) {
ID = iD;
}
public String getName() {
return Name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
Name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return Age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
Age = age;
}
public float getHeight() {
return Height;
}
public void setHeight(float height) {
Height = height;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
String result = "";
result += "ID：" + this.ID + "，";
result += "姓名：" + this.Name + "，";
result += "年齡：" + this.Age + "， ";
result += "身高：" + this.Height ;
return result;
}
}
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activity_main.xml:主界面的布局
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_margin="10dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="姓名："
android:textSize="23sp"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/edt_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="請輸入姓名"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="年齡："
android:textSize="23sp"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/edt_age"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:numeric="integer"
android:hint="請輸入年齡"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="身高："
android:textSize="23sp"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/edt_height"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:numeric="decimal"
android:hint="請輸入身高"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_adddata"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="添加數(shù)據(jù)"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_showalldata"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="全部顯示"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_clearshowdata"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="清除顯示"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_deletealldata"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="全部刪除"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ID:"
android:textSize="23sp"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/edt_id"
android:layout_width="40dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:numeric="integer"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_deteleid"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ID刪除"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_queryid"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ID查詢"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/bt_updateid"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ID更新"
android:textSize="12sp"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
</LinearLayout>
<TextView
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:id="@+id/txt_sjk"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="數(shù)據(jù)庫："
android:textSize="23sp"/>
<ListView
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:id="@+id/listview_show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
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MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private MyDatabaseHelper dbHelper;
private SQLiteDatabase db;
private EditText edt_Name;
private EditText edt_Age;
private EditText edt_Height;
private EditText edt_Id;
private Button bt_AddData;
private Button bt_ShowAllData;
private Button bt_ClearShowData;
private Button bt_DeleteAllData;
private Button bt_DeleteById;
private Button bt_QueryById;
private Button bt_UpdateById;
private ListView listview_show;
private String strName = "";
private String strAge = "";
private String strHeight = "";
private int m_Id;
private List<People> PeopleList = new ArrayList<People>();
private MyAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
dbHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(this, "people.db", null, 1);
db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
// 初始化控件
initShow();
// 添加數(shù)據(jù)
bt_AddData.setOnClickListener(this);
// 全部顯示
bt_ShowAllData.setOnClickListener(this);
// 清楚顯示
bt_ClearShowData.setOnClickListener(this);
// 全部刪除
bt_DeleteAllData.setOnClickListener(this);
// ID刪除
bt_DeleteById.setOnClickListener(this);
// ID查詢
bt_QueryById.setOnClickListener(this);
// ID更新
bt_UpdateById.setOnClickListener(this);
}
// 初始化控件
private void initShow() {
edt_Name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edt_name);
edt_Age = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edt_age);
edt_Height = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edt_height);
edt_Id = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edt_id);
bt_AddData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_adddata);
bt_ShowAllData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_showalldata);
bt_ClearShowData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_clearshowdata);
bt_DeleteAllData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_deletealldata);
bt_DeleteById = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_deteleid);
bt_QueryById = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_queryid);
bt_UpdateById = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_updateid);
listview_show = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview_show);
}
// listview顯示數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù)
private void showData() {
mAdapter = new MyAdapter(MainActivity.this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, PeopleList);
listview_show.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
// 獲取edittext中輸入的ID
public int getEd_ID() {
if (!edt_Id.getText().toString().equals("")) {
String strId = edt_Id.getText().toString();
m_Id = Integer.parseInt(strId);
} else {
m_Id = -1;
}
return m_Id;
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
// 添加數(shù)據(jù)
case R.id.bt_adddata:
addData();
edt_Name.setText("");
edt_Age.setText("");
edt_Height.setText("");
break;
// 全部顯示
case R.id.bt_showalldata:
showAllData();
showData();
break;
// 清楚顯示
case R.id.bt_clearshowdata:
clearListView();
showData();
break;
// 全部刪除
case R.id.bt_deletealldata:
deleteData();
showData();
break;
// ID刪除
case R.id.bt_deteleid:
m_Id = getEd_ID();
deleteById(m_Id);
showAllData();
showData();
edt_Id.setText("");
break;
// ID查詢
case R.id.bt_queryid:
m_Id = getEd_ID();
queryById(m_Id);
showData();
edt_Id.setText("");
break;
// ID更新
case R.id.bt_updateid:
m_Id = getEd_ID();
updateById(m_Id);
showData();
edt_Id.setText("");
break;
}
}
// ID更新
private void updateById(int mId) {
if (mId == -1) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "請輸入ID號", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
} else {
// 先找到這條數(shù)據(jù)
db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
final People people = new People();
List<People> tempList=new ArrayList<People>();
Cursor cursor = db.query("peopleinfo", null, "_id" + "=" + mId,
null, null, null, null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
do {
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex("name"));
int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));
float height = cursor.getFloat(cursor
.getColumnIndex("height"));
people.setID(id);
people.setName(name);
people.setAge(age);
people.setHeight(height);
tempList.add(people);
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
cursor.close();
if (tempList.size()==0) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有這條信息",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
// 彈出自定義的AlertDialog
LayoutInflater factory = LayoutInflater.from(this);
final View textChangeView = factory.inflate(R.layout.custom,
null);
final EditText editTextName = (EditText) textChangeView
.findViewById(R.id.cEdt_name);
final EditText editTextAge = (EditText) textChangeView
.findViewById(R.id.cEdt_age);
final EditText editTextHeight = (EditText) textChangeView
.findViewById(R.id.cEdt_height);
editTextName.setText(people.getName());
editTextAge.setText(Integer.toString(people.getAge()));
editTextHeight.setText(Float.toString(people.getHeight()));
AlertDialog.Builder ad = new AlertDialog.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
ad.setTitle("ID更新：");
ad.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info);
ad.setView(textChangeView);
ad.setPositiveButton("OK",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
ContentValues updateValues = new ContentValues();
strName = editTextName.getText().toString();
strAge = editTextAge.getText().toString();
strHeight = editTextHeight.getText().toString();
int iAge = Integer.parseInt(strAge);
float fHeight = Float.parseFloat(strHeight);
// 開始組裝一條數(shù)據(jù)
updateValues.put("name", strName);
updateValues.put("age", iAge);
updateValues.put("height", fHeight);
db.update("peopleinfo", updateValues, "_id"
+ "=" + people.getID(), null);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "更新成功",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Cursor cursor = db.query("peopleinfo", null, "_id" + "=" + people.getID(),
null, null, null, null);
PeopleList.clear();
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
do {
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex("name"));
int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));
float height = cursor.getFloat(cursor
.getColumnIndex("height"));
people.setID(id);
people.setName(name);
people.setAge(age);
people.setHeight(height);
PeopleList.add(people);
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
cursor.close();
}
});
ad.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
}
});
ad.show();
}
}
}
// ID查詢
private void queryById(int mId) {
if (mId == -1) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "請輸入ID號", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
} else {
db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
People people = new People();
PeopleList.clear();
Cursor cursor = db.query("peopleinfo", null, "_id" + "=" + mId,
null, null, null, null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
do {
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex("name"));
int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));
float height = cursor.getFloat(cursor
.getColumnIndex("height"));
people.setID(id);
people.setName(name);
people.setAge(age);
people.setHeight(height);
PeopleList.add(people);
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
cursor.close();
if (PeopleList.size() == 0) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有這條數(shù)據(jù)",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
// ID刪除
private void deleteById(int mId) {
if (mId == -1) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "請輸入ID號", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
} else {
db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
People people = new People();
PeopleList.clear();
Cursor cursor = db.query("peopleinfo", null, "_id" + "=" + mId,
null, null, null, null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
do {
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex("name"));
int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));
float height = cursor.getFloat(cursor
.getColumnIndex("height"));
people.setID(id);
people.setName(name);
people.setAge(age);
people.setHeight(height);
PeopleList.add(people);
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
cursor.close();
if (PeopleList.size() == 0) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有這條數(shù)據(jù)",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
db.delete("peopleinfo", "_id" + "=" + mId, null);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "成功刪除" + mId + "這條數(shù)據(jù)",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
// 全部刪除
private void deleteData() {
db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
db.delete("peopleinfo", null, null);
PeopleList.clear();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "數(shù)據(jù)清除成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
// 清除顯示
private void clearListView() {
PeopleList.clear();
}
// 全部顯示
private void showAllData() {
PeopleList.clear();
Cursor cursor = db.query("peopleinfo", null, null, null, null, null,
null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
do {
People people = new People();
// 遍歷表
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("_id"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));
float height = cursor.getFloat(cursor.getColumnIndex("height"));
people.setID(id);
people.setName(name);
people.setAge(age);
people.setHeight(height);
PeopleList.add(people);
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
cursor.close();
if (PeopleList.size() == 0) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有數(shù)據(jù)", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
}
}
// 添加數(shù)據(jù)
private void addData() {
if (edt_Name.getText().toString().equals("")
&& edt_Age.getText().toString().equals("")
&& edt_Height.getText().toString().equals("")) {
AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(
MainActivity.this);
dialog.setTitle("Warn");
dialog.setMessage("請輸入完整信息");
dialog.setCancelable(false);
dialog.setPositiveButton("OK",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
edt_Name.setText("");
edt_Age.setText("");
edt_Height.setText("");
}
});
dialog.show();
} else {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
strName = edt_Name.getText().toString();
strAge = edt_Age.getText().toString();
strHeight = edt_Height.getText().toString();
int iAge = Integer.parseInt(strAge);
float fHeight = Float.parseFloat(strHeight);
// 開始組裝一條數(shù)據(jù)
values.put("name", strName);
values.put("age", iAge);
values.put("height", fHeight);
// 插入數(shù)據(jù)
db.insert("peopleinfo", null, values);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "數(shù)據(jù)添加成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
}
}
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// 獲得當(dāng)前得到焦點(diǎn)的View，一般情況下就是EditText（特殊情況就是軌跡求或者實(shí)體案件會(huì)移動(dòng)焦點(diǎn)）
View v = getCurrentFocus();
if (isShouldHideInput(v, ev)) {
hideSoftInput(v.getWindowToken());
}
}
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(ev);
}
/**
* 根據(jù)EditText所在坐標(biāo)和用戶點(diǎn)擊的坐標(biāo)相對比，來判斷是否隱藏鍵盤，因?yàn)楫?dāng)用戶點(diǎn)擊EditText時(shí)沒必要隱藏
*
* @param v
* @param event
* @return
*/
private boolean isShouldHideInput(View v, MotionEvent event) {
if (v != null && (v instanceof EditText)) {
int[] l = { 0, 0 };
v.getLocationInWindow(l);
int left = l[0], top = l[1], bottom = top + v.getHeight(), right = left
+ v.getWidth();
if (event.getX() > left && event.getX() < right
&& event.getY() > top && event.getY() < bottom) {
// 點(diǎn)擊EditText的事件，忽略它。
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
// 如果焦點(diǎn)不是EditText則忽略，這個(gè)發(fā)生在視圖剛繪制完，第一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)不在EditView上，和用戶用軌跡球選擇其他的焦點(diǎn)
return false;
}
/**
* 多種隱藏軟件盤方法的其中一種
*
* @param token
*/
private void hideSoftInput(IBinder token) {
if (token != null) {
InputMethodManager im = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
im.hideSoftInputFromWindow(token,
InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);
}
}
}
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custom.xml:自定義布局文件 ，用在ID更新時(shí)彈出的AlertDialog中。
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="姓名："
android:textSize="23sp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/cEdt_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="請輸入姓名" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="年齡："
android:textSize="23sp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/cEdt_age"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="請輸入年齡"
android:numeric="integer" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="身高："
android:textSize="23sp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/cEdt_height"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="請輸入身高"
android:numeric="decimal" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
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這個(gè)Demo還是很簡單的，我就不做過多的解釋了 。各位看了之后，有什么見解歡迎留言交流交流共同進(jìn)步。
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